Canola Oil
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This article is compiled based on the United States Pharmacopeia (USP) – 2025 Edition
Issued and maintained by the United States Pharmacopeial Convention (USP)
Low erucic acid rapeseed oil;
LEAR oil.
1 DEFINITION
Canola Oil is the renedxed oil obtained from the seeds of Brassica napus or Brassica campestris (Fam. Cruciferae). A suitable antioxidant may be added.
2 IDENTIFICATION
A. Identity by Fatty Acid Composition
Analysis: Proceed as directed in the test for Fats and Fixed Oils 〈401〉, Procedures, Fatty Acid Composition.
Acceptance criteria: Meets the composition profile of fatty acids in Table 1
B. Identity by Triglyceride Profile
Analysis: Proceed as directed in Identication of Fixed Oils by Thin-Layer Chromatography 〈202〉, Identication, Method I or Method II.
Acceptance criteria: Meets the requirements in the chapter
3 SPECIFIC TESTS
Fats and Fixed Oils 〈401〉, Procedures,Fatty Acid Composition: Canola Oil exhibits the composition profile of fatty acids in Table 1.
| Carbon-Chain Length | Number of Double Bonds | Percentage (%) |
|---|---|---|
| <14 | – | <0.1 |
| 14 | 0 | <0.2 |
| 16 | 0 | <6.0 |
| 16 | 1 | <1.0 |
| 18 | 0 | <2.5 |
| 18 | 1 | >50 |
| 18 | 2 | <40 |
| 18 | 3 | <14 |
| 20 | 0 | <1.0 |
| 20 | 1 | <2.0 |
| 22a | 0 | <0.5 |
| 22 | 1 | ≤2.0 |
| 24 | 0 | <0.2 |
| 24 | 1 | <0.2 |
a Erucic acid.
Limit of Erucic Acid: NMT 2.0%, as determined in the test for Fats and Fixed Oils 〈401〉, Procedures, Fatty Acid Composition
Specific Gravity 〈841〉: 0.906–0.920
Fats and Fixed Oils 〈401〉, Procedures,Acid Value: NMT 6.0
Fats and Fixed Oils 〈401〉, Procedures,Iodine Value: 110–126
Fats and Fixed Oils 〈401〉, Procedures,Peroxide Value: NMT 10.0
Fats and Fixed Oils 〈401〉, Procedures,Saponification Value: 178–193
Fats and Fixed Oils 〈401〉, Procedures,Unsaponifiable Matter: NMT 1.5%
• Refractive Index 〈831〉: 1.465–1.467 at 40°
ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS
• Packaging and Storage: Preserve in tight containers, and avoid contact with metals. Fill to the top or ush partially filled containers with nitrogen. No storage requirements specied.
• Labeling: Label it to indicate the name and concentration of any added antioxidant.
